Propaganda, Power, and Punishment in Governor Grey’s two 1863 Proclamations Introduction As European settlement pushed further into the central North Island, many iwi began to fear for their land, authority, and independence. In response, they united and chose the...
Flags of the Past: Exploring Symbols of occupation, sovereignty, identity, religious faith, and military alliance, in the New Zealand Wars Introduction For an estimated 5000 years, flags have served as powerful symbols for humans, carrying a wide range of meanings.The...
Memorialising the New Zealand Wars in Auckland Introduction After the signing of Te Tiriti o Waitangi (1840) and following the arrival of British and other European settlers, conflicts began over land and sovereignty. This conflict led to a series of battle campaigns...
The 58th (Rutlandshire) Regiment in Auckland: Military, Social, and Cultural Influences Introduction Following centuries of Māori occupation, Tāmaki Makaurau was selected as the site for the new capital of the colony and named Auckland. From 1841, Auckland was not...
Power and Authority in Auckland’s Government Houses Introduction On 18 September 1840, Apihai Te Kawau, the paramount rangatira of Ngāti Whātua o Orākei, formally allocated 3000 acres of central Tāmaki Makaurau to Lieutenant-Governor William Hobson. This followed...
Albert Barracks and the Spatial History of Auckland’s New Zealand Wars Introduction Albert Barracks was a major British military fortification, built in the 1840s on the land that now includes Albert Park and the Auckland University Waipapa Taumata Rau. This was a key...
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